A Royal Beginning (1844) Manchester Victoria Station opened its doors on January 1, 1844, marking the start of what would become a long and storied history. It holds the distinction of being the first station in the UK to be named “Victoria,” thanks to the special...
And Now for Something Completely Different – Railway Reflections No.9
Douglas Earle Marshall, Locomotive, Carriage & Wagon Superintendent of the London Brighton & South Coast Railway was on a roll. The company was pleased with the success of his I3 class 4-4-2 tank engines, so much so that Douglas was given free reign to design...
Railway Reflection No8. – The Last Loco
In this case the last loco was not some last of its class high-performance main line express engine that once grabbed the headlines but a lowly tank locomotive that attracted little attention. On week ending 16 February 1952, British Railways officially withdrew...
Oasis, a Britpop Legacy & Manchesters Most Iconic Band
In the mid-'90s, Manchester was more than just a city; it was the beating heart of the British music scene, pulsing with the energy of a new generation of bands ready to take on the world. Among them, one band emerged like a lightning bolt, electrifying not just the...
The History of Wartime Rationing
The Second World War was a period of profound upheaval for the United Kingdom, not only on the battlefields but also on the home front. As bombs fell and men went off to fight, the people left behind faced a different kind of challenge: making do with less. Rationing,...
The Last Night of the Proms
For over a century, the Last Night of the Proms has been the crowning jewel of the BBC Proms, an annual musical festival that has become synonymous with British culture and identity. With its roots steeped in history, the Last Night has evolved from a simple concert...
The Magic of Olympic Closing Ceremonies
The Olympic Games are more than just a display of athletic prowess; they are a celebration of unity, culture, and the human spirit. While the Opening Ceremonies are often grand spectacles that set the tone for the Games, the Closing Ceremonies hold a special place in...
Trailblazing Women in U.S. Political History: From Geraldine Ferraro to Kamala Harris
The journey of women in U.S. political history is marked by perseverance, resilience, and groundbreaking achievements. From the pioneering efforts of Geraldine Ferraro to the historic ascension of Kamala Harris, women have continuously shattered glass ceilings and...
The Amazing Barefoot Marathon Victory of the 1960 Olympics
The 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome witnessed one of the most iconic moments in the history of athletics. Ethiopian runner Abebe Bikila, running barefoot, triumphed in the marathon, becoming the first black African to win an Olympic gold medal. His victory not only...
Joan Benoit’s Historic Marathon Win at the 1984 LA Olympics
The 1984 Summer Olympics, held in Los Angeles, California, marked a significant milestone in the history of women's athletics. For the first time ever, the Games included a women's marathon, a testament to the growing recognition of women's endurance sports. This...

Ship’s anchor blasted more than a mile away by explosion in Liverpool Blitz
The official Luftwaffe order of battle for the raid on Liverpool and Birkenhead on Saturday May 3rd 1941 makes stark reading.
- Total aircraft assigned to Merseyside: 298 bombers
- Attack commenced: 2200hrs
- Payload dropped: 363 tonnes of high explosive, 49,706 incendiaries
- Attack height: 1000 metres for pathfinders to drop marker flares
- Attack concentration point: Docks and warehouses on the east bank of the Mersey
- Ships destroyed: Europa, Elstree Grange, a tug, six barges. The Malakand on fire and blew up
These were the cold facts behind the most deadly night of bombing and destruction Liverpool has ever witnessed.

Toward the end of the attack, Luftwaffe aircrews reported that part of the east bank was engulfed in one continuous fire, extending an estimated six kilometers.
And that was only one night of the seven-day Liverpool Blitz stretching from May 1st to May 8th 1941.
The order of battle states that at 044hrs on Sunday May 4th there was a huge explosion sending flames more than 500 metres into the sky.
Timings vary, particularly since the UK moved to British Double Summer Time the same night. But the blast could have been the SS Malakand, moored in Huskisson Branch Dock No. 2. It was loaded with 1,000 tons of bombs.
A cargo liner built in 1919 for the Brocklebank Line, she was named after the Malakand area of the Indian subcontinent.

It is believed that flames from nearby dock sheds spread to the ship. Four people were killed and debris from the Malakand’s hull plating was strewn for more than two miles.
Such was the force of the explosion that the Malakand’s two-ton anchor stock landed next to Bootle General Hospital on Derby Road – more than 1.5 miles away!
Fire crews struggled to contain the blaze which took more than 70 hours to burn out. Most of Huskisson Dock was destroyed and the Malakand was left a mangled wreck.
Although the greater part of the dock was rebuilt after the war, Branch Dock No. 2 was filled in and is now the site of a timber yard.
Cunard liners regularly used Huskisson Dock up to the 1960s. It also handled general bulk cargoes from Cunard cargo ships like the SS Scythia.
The picture was very different back in the first week of May 1941. More than 2,315 high explosive bombs were dropped on Merseyside by 681 Luftwaffe aircraft during the seven-day Blitz.

Around 120 incendiary bombs also fell on the city and docks, putting 69 out of 144 cargo berths out of action.
More than 1,900 were killed in the raids with 1,450 seriously wounded. Around 70,000 were made homeless.
Liverpool, the largest port on the west coast, ended up being the most heavily bombed area outside London.

So important was Merseyside to the war effort that the government kept damage reports deliberately low key. They tried hard to hide the true level of destruction from the Germans.
Liverpool Museum was reduced to a shell on the night of May 3rd while fire crews fought more than 400 blazes around the city.
At the height of the May Blitz, 9,000 workers from outside Liverpool along with 2,700 soldiers were drafted in to clear debris and make buildings safe.
Churches suffered extensive damage. St Michael’s Church in Pitt Street, at the heart of Liverpool’s Chinese community, was hit repeatedly.
A high explosive bomb damaged many stained glass windows in Liverpool Cathedral while another landed on the front steps without detonating.
St Luke’s Church in Bold Place was gutted. Its ruin stands today as a permanent memorial of the May Blitz and the undying wartime spirit of Merseyside.

The Home Front, Britain 1939-45 is available on Amazon.
Former daily newspaper editor and group editorial director for leading national media brands, Malcolm is a regular contributor to the iNostalgia National History with a love for our national heritage.